Antennas and RF Components 2300-5850 MHz for Wi-Fi, WiMAX, LTE and 5G
The 2300-5850 MHz range covers some of the most widely used spectrum blocks for modern wireless systems: Wi-Fi/WLAN (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), WiMAX deployments, and several LTE and 5G allocations used in Europe and worldwide. In engineered infrastructures such as railway tunnels, motorway and road tunnels and metro tunnels, these bands are often selected to provide high-capacity connectivity for operators, private networks and mission-critical services where a stable radio corridor is required.
Why 2300-5850 MHz is strategic for tunnels and high-density wireless
Compared with lower frequencies, mid and high bands allow higher throughput, support dense user scenarios and enable multi-technology rollouts (2G/3G/4G LTE and 5G, according to the project band plan). In tunnel projects, the design goal is typically to combine directional control, predictable radiation patterns and robust mechanical solutions to keep the coverage stable along galleries, portals and technical sections.
- Tunnel radio corridors: controlled radiation for long galleries and confined environments.
- Portals and transition zones: end-over / pick-up points where a controlled serving area is required.
- Underground nodes: metro infrastructure where capacity and stability are priorities.
- Harsh environments: mechanical protection and materials aligned with procurement and safety frameworks, including flame retardant solutions where required.
Bands and services used globally (Europe and international markets)
Frequency allocation depends on national regulators, but several blocks within 2300-5850 MHz are common across multiple regions: 2.3 GHz and 2.5-2.7 GHz are widely used for LTE/TD-LTE and fixed wireless systems; 3.3-3.8 GHz is a primary band for 5G capacity layers; and 5 GHz (including 5.8 GHz) is broadly used for Wi-Fi/WLAN and ISM services in many countries. This makes the family suitable for projects serving not only European networks, but also multi-country deployments and export-oriented system integrators.
- Wi-Fi/WLAN: hotspots, on-board services, station connectivity, and industrial WLAN links.
- WiMAX and fixed wireless: legacy and specialized networks, rural or industrial backbones, point-to-multipoint.
- LTE and 5G: operator networks, private LTE/5G, small cells and capacity layers.
- Public safety and utilities: project-dependent solutions for transport infrastructure and critical services.
Antennas and RF components for engineered installations
This frequency family typically combines high-gain directional antennas (Yagi, panel, log-periodic and broadband solutions) with RF components used to distribute, condition and protect the signal chain: filters, splitters, couplers, combiners, attenuators and other 50 ohm elements. In tunnel projects, RF components are essential to keep the architecture stable over time, simplify maintenance and ensure repeatable performance across sections.
Depending on the system design, selected high-gain antennas in this band can also be used as donor antennas for repeater or DAS architectures, where controlled reception and strong directivity are required to reduce unwanted coupling and improve link robustness.
Radome and materials for tunnels and critical infrastructures
Mechanical protection is often a key requirement in underground infrastructures. When a protective cover is needed, Protel solutions may include fiberglass radomes and, when required by specifications, flame retardant radome options, supporting long-term reliability in environments exposed to vibration, airflow, dust and harsh maintenance conditions.
